{
  "brand": "Cartoply",
  "slug": "home-service-booking-statistics",
  "title": "Home-Service Booking & Contractor Statistics",
  "description": "Dated home-service booking preferences, lead response and contractor statistics from four original publishers. State tables, sources and CSV data.",
  "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
  "publishedOn": "2026-09-25",
  "nextReview": "2026-12-15",
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "cbp-us",
      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
      "title": "2023 County Business Patterns: United States",
      "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/datasets/2023/cbp23us.zip",
      "published": "2025-06-26",
      "method": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers. Employment is mid-March. Payroll is annual, reported in thousands of dollars. Disclosure noise applies.",
      "verification": "HTTP 200; CSV extracted from original ZIP; NAICS 238220, LFO -.",
      "reuse": "U.S. government statistical data; attribution retained.",
      "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
      "sha256": "3f9018f807f1ffd7bcbb00690f9792573bc2bc6bb4cfab9df14ca7ab3eac0862"
    },
    {
      "id": "cbp-state",
      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
      "title": "2023 County Business Patterns: states and DC",
      "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/datasets/2023/cbp23st.zip",
      "published": "2025-06-26",
      "method": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers. Employment is mid-March. Payroll is annual, reported in thousands of dollars. Disclosure noise applies.",
      "verification": "HTTP 200; 51 all-legal-form records extracted from original ZIP; NAICS 238220, LFO -.",
      "reuse": "U.S. government statistical data; attribution retained.",
      "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
      "sha256": "9fc306ecc4f9633092e2432c2db2acdf53798da0480e6f6beeb953d583b41ede"
    },
    {
      "id": "jobber",
      "publisher": "Jobber",
      "title": "2026 Home Service Trends Report",
      "url": "https://www.getjobber.com/home-service-trends-report/",
      "published": "2026 report; day not stated",
      "method": "Conjointly surveyed 1,050 U.S. home-service owners in December 2025. Self-reports; subgroup sample sizes unspecified.",
      "verification": "Original publisher page opened; prose and chart labels checked. Shell requests blocked.",
      "reuse": "Brief factual extracts, paraphrased labels; original report and artwork not reproduced.",
      "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
    },
    {
      "id": "homebuyer",
      "publisher": "Jobber",
      "title": "Recent Homebuyer Reality Check",
      "url": "https://www.getjobber.com/recent-homebuyer-report/",
      "published": "2026 report; day not stated",
      "method": "Coleman Parkes, May 2026: 800 U.S. single-family homebuyers from the preceding two years, equally split across four generations.",
      "verification": "Original publisher page opened; figures and methodology read. Shell requests blocked.",
      "reuse": "Brief factual extracts, paraphrased labels; original report and artwork not reproduced.",
      "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
    },
    {
      "id": "modernize",
      "publisher": "Modernize",
      "title": "2025 Homeowner Insights Report",
      "url": "https://modernize.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Homeowner-Insights-Report-2025.pdf",
      "published": "2025 report; day not stated",
      "method": "Home-improvement audience surveyed July–October 2025 (PDF page 4). Each question has its own response count; probability sampling and country breakdown are not disclosed.",
      "verification": "HTTP 200; original PDF downloaded; figures, page numbers and question sample sizes checked.",
      "reuse": "Selected factual figures with new charts; original report and artwork not reproduced.",
      "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
      "sha256": "aba169d1147e25a54a3165c44ac30f590c8eacddd4b13887f989cc672d03de7a"
    },
    {
      "id": "tinuiti",
      "publisher": "Tinuiti",
      "title": "2025 Home Services Marketing Study",
      "url": "https://tinuiti.com/research-insights/research/2025-home-services-marketing-study/",
      "published": "2025 study; day not stated",
      "method": "Survey of 1,000 U.S. homeowners, February 2025. Subgroup sample sizes unspecified; preferences are self-reported.",
      "verification": "Original publisher page opened; figures and methodology read. Shell requests blocked.",
      "reuse": "Brief factual extracts, paraphrased labels; original report and artwork not reproduced.",
      "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "id": "capacity",
      "title": "How full are home-service schedules?",
      "intro": "Owners reported a wide range of booking capacity. These survey categories describe their businesses at the time they answered.",
      "scope": "U.S. owner survey; December 2025; n=1,050. Self-reported capacity.",
      "rows": [
        {
          "id": "capacity-limited",
          "label": "Limited availability",
          "value": 72,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "jobber",
          "period": "Dec 2025 survey",
          "population": "U.S. home-service owners; n=1,050",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "Schedules are full—but not for everyone / capacity chart",
          "note": "",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "capacity-open",
          "label": "Open most days",
          "value": 16,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "jobber",
          "period": "Dec 2025 survey",
          "population": "U.S. home-service owners; n=1,050",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "Schedules are full—but not for everyone / capacity chart",
          "note": "",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "capacity-full",
          "label": "Turning away work",
          "value": 8,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "jobber",
          "period": "Dec 2025 survey",
          "population": "U.S. home-service owners; n=1,050",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "Schedules are full—but not for everyone / capacity chart",
          "note": "",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "capacity-struggling",
          "label": "Difficulty filling schedule",
          "value": 3,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "jobber",
          "period": "Dec 2025 survey",
          "population": "U.S. home-service owners; n=1,050",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "Schedules are full—but not for everyone / capacity chart",
          "note": "",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "capacity-inactive",
          "label": "Not actively scheduling",
          "value": 1,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "jobber",
          "period": "Dec 2025 survey",
          "population": "U.S. home-service owners; n=1,050",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "Schedules are full—but not for everyone / capacity chart",
          "note": "",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        }
      ],
      "chartTitle": "Reported scheduling capacity",
      "chartNote": "Jobber • Dec 2025 • share of surveyed owners",
      "chartIds": [
        "capacity-limited",
        "capacity-open",
        "capacity-full",
        "capacity-struggling",
        "capacity-inactive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "lead-response",
      "title": "Reported lead response times",
      "intro": "The survey separates “within an hour” from “same day.” Those are the publisher’s response categories; the same-day figure should not be read as a cumulative total.",
      "scope": "U.S. owner survey; December 2025; n=1,050. Selected published response categories.",
      "rows": [
        {
          "id": "response-hour",
          "label": "Within one hour",
          "value": 20,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "jobber",
          "period": "Dec 2025 survey",
          "population": "U.S. home-service owners; n=1,050",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "Speed to respond = speed to revenue / response-time chart",
          "note": "Selected response buckets, not cumulative percentages.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "response-day",
          "label": "Same day",
          "value": 60,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "jobber",
          "period": "Dec 2025 survey",
          "population": "U.S. home-service owners; n=1,050",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "Speed to respond = speed to revenue / response-time chart",
          "note": "Selected response buckets, not cumulative percentages.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "response-two-days",
          "label": "Within two days",
          "value": 18,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "jobber",
          "period": "Dec 2025 survey",
          "population": "U.S. home-service owners; n=1,050",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "Speed to respond = speed to revenue / response-time chart",
          "note": "Selected response buckets, not cumulative percentages.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        }
      ],
      "chartTitle": "How quickly owners say they reply",
      "chartNote": "Jobber • Dec 2025 • selected response categories",
      "chartIds": [
        "response-hour",
        "response-day",
        "response-two-days"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "buyer-experience",
      "title": "Recent homebuyers: hiring and follow-up",
      "intro": "The recent-homebuyer study covers a specific audience: people who bought a single-family home in the preceding two years. It is not a survey of every homeowner.",
      "scope": "U.S. survey commissioned by Jobber, May 2026; n=800; equal generation groups.",
      "rows": [
        {
          "id": "buyer-hired",
          "label": "Hired a pro within two years",
          "value": 75,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "homebuyer",
          "period": "May 2026",
          "population": "Recent U.S. single-family homebuyers; n=800",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "Key findings / hiring",
          "note": "Separate experiences; not a mutually exclusive distribution.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "buyer-followup",
          "label": "Needed repeated follow-up",
          "value": 15,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "homebuyer",
          "period": "May 2026",
          "population": "Recent U.S. single-family homebuyers; n=800",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "Responsiveness / follow-up",
          "note": "Separate experiences; not a mutually exclusive distribution.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "buyer-no-response",
          "label": "Received no response",
          "value": 9,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "homebuyer",
          "period": "May 2026",
          "population": "Recent U.S. single-family homebuyers; n=800",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "Responsiveness / follow-up",
          "note": "Separate experiences; not a mutually exclusive distribution.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        }
      ],
      "chartTitle": "Recent homebuyer experiences",
      "chartNote": "Jobber / Coleman Parkes • May 2026 • separate survey findings",
      "chartIds": [
        "buyer-hired",
        "buyer-followup",
        "buyer-no-response"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "initial-contact",
      "title": "How should a contractor make first contact?",
      "intro": "Modernize asked how a contractor should initially reach out when someone is booking a home-improvement project. That is a different question from how someone prefers to select an appointment time.",
      "scope": "Homeowners answering an initial contractor-contact question. Modernize 2025 report; n=8,677. Fieldwork: July–October 2025. Published categories sum to 96%; no normalization or missing category inferred.",
      "rows": [
        {
          "id": "initial-contact-phone",
          "label": "Phone",
          "value": 30.4,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "modernize",
          "period": "Jul–Oct 2025",
          "population": "Homeowners answering an initial contractor-contact question. n=8,677.",
          "geography": "Modernize home-improvement audience; country breakdown undisclosed",
          "locator": "PDF page 18, Figure 9",
          "note": "Fieldwork July–October 2025; PDF page 4.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "initial-contact-text",
          "label": "Text",
          "value": 28.95,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "modernize",
          "period": "Jul–Oct 2025",
          "population": "Homeowners answering an initial contractor-contact question. n=8,677.",
          "geography": "Modernize home-improvement audience; country breakdown undisclosed",
          "locator": "PDF page 18, Figure 9",
          "note": "Fieldwork July–October 2025; PDF page 4.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "initial-contact-email",
          "label": "Email",
          "value": 25.69,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "modernize",
          "period": "Jul–Oct 2025",
          "population": "Homeowners answering an initial contractor-contact question. n=8,677.",
          "geography": "Modernize home-improvement audience; country breakdown undisclosed",
          "locator": "PDF page 18, Figure 9",
          "note": "Fieldwork July–October 2025; PDF page 4.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "initial-contact-online",
          "label": "Book online",
          "value": 10.96,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "modernize",
          "period": "Jul–Oct 2025",
          "population": "Homeowners answering an initial contractor-contact question. n=8,677.",
          "geography": "Modernize home-improvement audience; country breakdown undisclosed",
          "locator": "PDF page 18, Figure 9",
          "note": "Fieldwork July–October 2025; PDF page 4.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        }
      ],
      "chartTitle": "How should a contractor make first contact?",
      "chartNote": "Modernize • July–October 2025 • question n=8,677",
      "chartIds": [
        "initial-contact-phone",
        "initial-contact-text",
        "initial-contact-email",
        "initial-contact-online"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "meeting-duration",
      "title": "Do homeowners want to know the meeting length?",
      "intro": "A clear appointment length sets expectations before the first meeting. This question measures whether respondents want that information, not how long appointments should last.",
      "scope": "Homeowners answering whether they want to know the first meeting’s duration. Modernize 2025 report; n=13,170. Fieldwork: July–October 2025.",
      "rows": [
        {
          "id": "meeting-duration-yes",
          "label": "Yes",
          "value": 69.6,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "modernize",
          "period": "Jul–Oct 2025",
          "population": "Homeowners answering whether they want to know the first meeting’s duration. n=13,170.",
          "geography": "Modernize home-improvement audience; country breakdown undisclosed",
          "locator": "PDF page 20, Figure 11",
          "note": "Fieldwork July–October 2025; PDF page 4.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "meeting-duration-no",
          "label": "No",
          "value": 18.8,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "modernize",
          "period": "Jul–Oct 2025",
          "population": "Homeowners answering whether they want to know the first meeting’s duration. n=13,170.",
          "geography": "Modernize home-improvement audience; country breakdown undisclosed",
          "locator": "PDF page 20, Figure 11",
          "note": "Fieldwork July–October 2025; PDF page 4.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "meeting-duration-sometimes",
          "label": "Sometimes",
          "value": 11.6,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "modernize",
          "period": "Jul–Oct 2025",
          "population": "Homeowners answering whether they want to know the first meeting’s duration. n=13,170.",
          "geography": "Modernize home-improvement audience; country breakdown undisclosed",
          "locator": "PDF page 20, Figure 11",
          "note": "Fieldwork July–October 2025; PDF page 4.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        }
      ],
      "chartTitle": "Do homeowners want to know the meeting length?",
      "chartNote": "Modernize • July–October 2025 • question n=13,170",
      "chartIds": [
        "meeting-duration-yes",
        "meeting-duration-no",
        "meeting-duration-sometimes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "booking-preferences",
      "title": "Home-service booking preferences",
      "intro": "Tinuiti’s study distinguishes appointment booking from later communication. Keep the stage and age group attached when citing these figures.",
      "scope": "U.S. homeowner survey; February 2025; n=1,000 overall. Subgroup sample sizes unspecified.",
      "rows": [
        {
          "id": "preference-phone-young",
          "label": "Phone booking: Gen Z + millennials",
          "value": 42,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "tinuiti",
          "period": "Feb 2025",
          "population": "Gen Z and millennial homeowners in U.S. homeowner survey; overall n=1,000",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "How do you prefer to schedule an appointment",
          "note": "Stated preference, not observed conversion or actual booking behavior.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "preference-phone-older",
          "label": "Phone booking: Gen X + older",
          "value": 54,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "tinuiti",
          "period": "Feb 2025",
          "population": "Gen X and older homeowners in U.S. homeowner survey; overall n=1,000",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "How do you prefer to schedule an appointment",
          "note": "Stated preference, not observed conversion or actual booking behavior.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "preference-online-young",
          "label": "Online booking: Gen Z + millennials",
          "value": 27,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "tinuiti",
          "period": "Feb 2025",
          "population": "Gen Z and millennial homeowners in U.S. homeowner survey; overall n=1,000",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "How do you prefer to schedule an appointment",
          "note": "Stated preference, not observed conversion or actual booking behavior.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "preference-online-older",
          "label": "Online booking: Gen X + older",
          "value": 18,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "tinuiti",
          "period": "Feb 2025",
          "population": "Gen X and older homeowners in U.S. homeowner survey; overall n=1,000",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "How do you prefer to schedule an appointment",
          "note": "Stated preference, not observed conversion or actual booking behavior.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "preference-text-booking",
          "label": "Text preference for booking",
          "value": 9,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "tinuiti",
          "period": "Feb 2025",
          "population": "Homeowner respondents in U.S. homeowner survey; overall n=1,000",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "How do you prefer to communicate",
          "note": "Stated preference, not observed conversion or actual booking behavior.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "preference-text-after",
          "label": "Text preference after booking",
          "value": 25,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "tinuiti",
          "period": "Feb 2025",
          "population": "Homeowner respondents in U.S. homeowner survey; overall n=1,000",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "How do you prefer to communicate",
          "note": "Stated preference, not observed conversion or actual booking behavior.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        },
        {
          "id": "preference-month",
          "label": "Seasonal services: book a month ahead or earlier",
          "value": 28,
          "unit": "%",
          "sourceId": "tinuiti",
          "period": "Feb 2025",
          "population": "Respondents who hire seasonal home services in U.S. homeowner survey; overall n=1,000",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "Seasonal home maintenance booking lead time",
          "note": "Stated preference, not observed conversion or actual booking behavior.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25"
        }
      ],
      "chartTitle": "Phone versus online booking by generation",
      "chartNote": "Tinuiti • Feb 2025 • preferences within each age group",
      "chartIds": [
        "preference-phone-young",
        "preference-phone-older",
        "preference-online-young",
        "preference-online-older"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "industry-scale",
      "title": "How large is the plumbing and HVAC contractor industry?",
      "intro": "The 2023 Census benchmark counts 111,207 paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting across the United States. A business with several locations can have several establishments.",
      "scope": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers. This industry includes commercial work as well as residential service.",
      "rows": [
        {
          "id": "us-est",
          "label": "U.S. contractor establishments",
          "value": 111207,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-us",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "cbp23us.txt; uscode=98; naics=238220; lfo=-; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 111207,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "US"
        },
        {
          "id": "us-emp",
          "label": "U.S. contractor industry employment",
          "value": 1214761,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-us",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "cbp23us.txt; uscode=98; naics=238220; lfo=-; emp",
          "note": "Employment covers the pay period including March 12.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1214761,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "US"
        }
      ],
      "chartTitle": "",
      "chartNote": "",
      "chartIds": []
    },
    {
      "id": "state-est",
      "title": "Contractor establishments by state",
      "intro": "Use the state table as a starting point for market research. Establishment counts do not tell you how many businesses serve a particular ZIP code.",
      "scope": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers. Data year: 2023.",
      "rows": [
        {
          "id": "state-01-est",
          "label": "Alabama",
          "value": 1647,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Alabama",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=01; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1647,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "01"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-02-est",
          "label": "Alaska",
          "value": 264,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Alaska",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=02; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 264,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "02"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-04-est",
          "label": "Arizona",
          "value": 2567,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Arizona",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=04; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 2567,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "04"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-05-est",
          "label": "Arkansas",
          "value": 1145,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Arkansas",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=05; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1145,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "05"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-06-est",
          "label": "California",
          "value": 11686,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "California",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=06; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 11686,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "06"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-08-est",
          "label": "Colorado",
          "value": 2620,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Colorado",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=08; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 2620,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "08"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-09-est",
          "label": "Connecticut",
          "value": 1318,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Connecticut",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=09; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1318,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "09"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-10-est",
          "label": "Delaware",
          "value": 344,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Delaware",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=10; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 344,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "10"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-11-est",
          "label": "District of Columbia",
          "value": 37,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "District of Columbia",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=11; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 37,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "11"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-12-est",
          "label": "Florida",
          "value": 9353,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Florida",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=12; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 9353,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "12"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-13-est",
          "label": "Georgia",
          "value": 3101,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Georgia",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=13; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 3101,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "13"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-15-est",
          "label": "Hawaii",
          "value": 403,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Hawaii",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=15; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 403,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "15"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-16-est",
          "label": "Idaho",
          "value": 904,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Idaho",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=16; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 904,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "16"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-17-est",
          "label": "Illinois",
          "value": 4070,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Illinois",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=17; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 4070,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "17"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-18-est",
          "label": "Indiana",
          "value": 2008,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Indiana",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=18; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 2008,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "18"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-19-est",
          "label": "Iowa",
          "value": 1108,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Iowa",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=19; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1108,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "19"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-20-est",
          "label": "Kansas",
          "value": 1028,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Kansas",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=20; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1028,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "20"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-21-est",
          "label": "Kentucky",
          "value": 1379,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Kentucky",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=21; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1379,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "21"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-22-est",
          "label": "Louisiana",
          "value": 1623,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Louisiana",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=22; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1623,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "22"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-23-est",
          "label": "Maine",
          "value": 781,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Maine",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=23; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 781,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "23"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-24-est",
          "label": "Maryland",
          "value": 1986,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Maryland",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=24; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1986,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "24"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-25-est",
          "label": "Massachusetts",
          "value": 3069,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Massachusetts",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=25; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 3069,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "25"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-26-est",
          "label": "Michigan",
          "value": 2661,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Michigan",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=26; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 2661,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "26"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-27-est",
          "label": "Minnesota",
          "value": 1816,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Minnesota",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=27; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1816,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "27"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-28-est",
          "label": "Mississippi",
          "value": 709,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Mississippi",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=28; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 709,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "28"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-29-est",
          "label": "Missouri",
          "value": 1915,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Missouri",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=29; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1915,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "29"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-30-est",
          "label": "Montana",
          "value": 712,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Montana",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=30; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 712,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "30"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-31-est",
          "label": "Nebraska",
          "value": 837,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Nebraska",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=31; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 837,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "31"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-32-est",
          "label": "Nevada",
          "value": 909,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Nevada",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=32; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 909,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "32"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-33-est",
          "label": "New Hampshire",
          "value": 776,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "New Hampshire",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=33; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 776,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "33"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-34-est",
          "label": "New Jersey",
          "value": 3454,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "New Jersey",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=34; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 3454,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "34"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-35-est",
          "label": "New Mexico",
          "value": 691,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "New Mexico",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=35; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 691,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "35"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-36-est",
          "label": "New York",
          "value": 7061,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "New York",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=36; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 7061,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "36"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-37-est",
          "label": "North Carolina",
          "value": 3973,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "North Carolina",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=37; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 3973,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "37"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-38-est",
          "label": "North Dakota",
          "value": 336,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "North Dakota",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=38; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 336,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "38"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-39-est",
          "label": "Ohio",
          "value": 2970,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Ohio",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=39; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 2970,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "39"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-40-est",
          "label": "Oklahoma",
          "value": 1592,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Oklahoma",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=40; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1592,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "40"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-41-est",
          "label": "Oregon",
          "value": 1337,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Oregon",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=41; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1337,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "41"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-42-est",
          "label": "Pennsylvania",
          "value": 4154,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Pennsylvania",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=42; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 4154,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "42"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-44-est",
          "label": "Rhode Island",
          "value": 494,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Rhode Island",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=44; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 494,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "44"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-45-est",
          "label": "South Carolina",
          "value": 1685,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "South Carolina",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=45; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1685,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "45"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-46-est",
          "label": "South Dakota",
          "value": 401,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "South Dakota",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=46; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 401,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "46"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-47-est",
          "label": "Tennessee",
          "value": 1899,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Tennessee",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=47; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1899,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "47"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-48-est",
          "label": "Texas",
          "value": 8966,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Texas",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=48; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 8966,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "48"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-49-est",
          "label": "Utah",
          "value": 1443,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Utah",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=49; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1443,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "49"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-50-est",
          "label": "Vermont",
          "value": 303,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Vermont",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=50; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 303,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "50"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-51-est",
          "label": "Virginia",
          "value": 2765,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Virginia",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=51; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 2765,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "51"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-53-est",
          "label": "Washington",
          "value": 2242,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Washington",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=53; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 2242,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "53"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-54-est",
          "label": "West Virginia",
          "value": 406,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "West Virginia",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=54; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 406,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "54"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-55-est",
          "label": "Wisconsin",
          "value": 1944,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Wisconsin",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=55; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1944,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "55"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-56-est",
          "label": "Wyoming",
          "value": 315,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Wyoming",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=56; est",
          "note": "Establishments, not firms.",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 315,
          "rawField": "est",
          "rawRecord": "56"
        }
      ],
      "chartTitle": "Largest state establishment counts",
      "chartNote": "Census CBP • 2023 • NAICS 238220 • top 8 states by establishments",
      "chartIds": [
        "state-06-est",
        "state-12-est",
        "state-48-est",
        "state-36-est",
        "state-42-est",
        "state-17-est",
        "state-37-est",
        "state-34-est"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "state-emp",
      "title": "Contractor employment by state",
      "intro": "This is employment across the plumbing and HVAC contractor industry, including office and other roles. It does not measure the number of available technicians or open appointment slots.",
      "scope": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers. Data year: 2023.",
      "rows": [
        {
          "id": "state-01-emp",
          "label": "Alabama",
          "value": 17066,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Alabama",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=01; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 17066,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "01"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-02-emp",
          "label": "Alaska",
          "value": 1939,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Alaska",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=02; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1939,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "02"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-04-emp",
          "label": "Arizona",
          "value": 32158,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Arizona",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=04; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 32158,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "04"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-05-emp",
          "label": "Arkansas",
          "value": 10835,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Arkansas",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=05; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 10835,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "05"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-06-emp",
          "label": "California",
          "value": 126947,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "California",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=06; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 126947,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "06"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-08-emp",
          "label": "Colorado",
          "value": 24178,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Colorado",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=08; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 24178,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "08"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-09-emp",
          "label": "Connecticut",
          "value": 10964,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Connecticut",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=09; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 10964,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "09"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-10-emp",
          "label": "Delaware",
          "value": 4719,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Delaware",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=10; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 4719,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "10"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-11-emp",
          "label": "District of Columbia",
          "value": 1772,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "District of Columbia",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=11; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1772,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "11"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-12-emp",
          "label": "Florida",
          "value": 94859,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Florida",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=12; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 94859,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "12"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-13-emp",
          "label": "Georgia",
          "value": 33250,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Georgia",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=13; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 33250,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "13"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-15-emp",
          "label": "Hawaii",
          "value": 3944,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Hawaii",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=15; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 3944,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "15"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-16-emp",
          "label": "Idaho",
          "value": 9912,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Idaho",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=16; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 9912,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "16"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-17-emp",
          "label": "Illinois",
          "value": 41112,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Illinois",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=17; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 41112,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "17"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-18-emp",
          "label": "Indiana",
          "value": 26484,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Indiana",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=18; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 26484,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "18"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-19-emp",
          "label": "Iowa",
          "value": 14647,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Iowa",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=19; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 14647,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "19"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-20-emp",
          "label": "Kansas",
          "value": 11412,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Kansas",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=20; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 11412,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "20"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-21-emp",
          "label": "Kentucky",
          "value": 15837,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Kentucky",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=21; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 15837,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "21"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-22-emp",
          "label": "Louisiana",
          "value": 14032,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Louisiana",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=22; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 14032,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "22"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-23-emp",
          "label": "Maine",
          "value": 4783,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Maine",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=23; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 4783,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "23"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-24-emp",
          "label": "Maryland",
          "value": 29326,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Maryland",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=24; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 29326,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "24"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-25-emp",
          "label": "Massachusetts",
          "value": 29674,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Massachusetts",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=25; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 29674,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "25"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-26-emp",
          "label": "Michigan",
          "value": 30546,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Michigan",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=26; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 30546,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "26"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-27-emp",
          "label": "Minnesota",
          "value": 21283,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Minnesota",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=27; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 21283,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "27"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-28-emp",
          "label": "Mississippi",
          "value": 6851,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Mississippi",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=28; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 6851,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "28"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-29-emp",
          "label": "Missouri",
          "value": 23628,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Missouri",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=29; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 23628,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "29"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-30-emp",
          "label": "Montana",
          "value": 4448,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Montana",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=30; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 4448,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "30"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-31-emp",
          "label": "Nebraska",
          "value": 9947,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Nebraska",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=31; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 9947,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "31"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-32-emp",
          "label": "Nevada",
          "value": 17166,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Nevada",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=32; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 17166,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "32"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-33-emp",
          "label": "New Hampshire",
          "value": 5608,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "New Hampshire",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=33; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 5608,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "33"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-34-emp",
          "label": "New Jersey",
          "value": 30302,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "New Jersey",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=34; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 30302,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "34"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-35-emp",
          "label": "New Mexico",
          "value": 6612,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "New Mexico",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=35; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 6612,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "35"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-36-emp",
          "label": "New York",
          "value": 65999,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "New York",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=36; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 65999,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "36"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-37-emp",
          "label": "North Carolina",
          "value": 45037,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "North Carolina",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=37; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 45037,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "37"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-38-emp",
          "label": "North Dakota",
          "value": 3368,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "North Dakota",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=38; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 3368,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "38"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-39-emp",
          "label": "Ohio",
          "value": 37781,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Ohio",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=39; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 37781,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "39"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-40-emp",
          "label": "Oklahoma",
          "value": 13349,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Oklahoma",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=40; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 13349,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "40"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-41-emp",
          "label": "Oregon",
          "value": 15676,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Oregon",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=41; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 15676,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "41"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-42-emp",
          "label": "Pennsylvania",
          "value": 44585,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Pennsylvania",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=42; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 44585,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "42"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-44-emp",
          "label": "Rhode Island",
          "value": 4410,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Rhode Island",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=44; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 4410,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "44"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-45-emp",
          "label": "South Carolina",
          "value": 18417,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "South Carolina",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=45; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 18417,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "45"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-46-emp",
          "label": "South Dakota",
          "value": 4356,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "South Dakota",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=46; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 4356,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "46"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-47-emp",
          "label": "Tennessee",
          "value": 25248,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Tennessee",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=47; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 25248,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "47"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-48-emp",
          "label": "Texas",
          "value": 105623,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Texas",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=48; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 105623,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "48"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-49-emp",
          "label": "Utah",
          "value": 15616,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Utah",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=49; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 15616,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "49"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-50-emp",
          "label": "Vermont",
          "value": 2390,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Vermont",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=50; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 2390,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "50"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-51-emp",
          "label": "Virginia",
          "value": 34582,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Virginia",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=51; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 34582,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "51"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-53-emp",
          "label": "Washington",
          "value": 33116,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Washington",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=53; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 33116,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "53"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-54-emp",
          "label": "West Virginia",
          "value": 2981,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "West Virginia",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=54; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 2981,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "54"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-55-emp",
          "label": "Wisconsin",
          "value": 23507,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Wisconsin",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=55; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 23507,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "55"
        },
        {
          "id": "state-56-emp",
          "label": "Wyoming",
          "value": 2479,
          "unit": "employees",
          "sourceId": "cbp-state",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers.",
          "geography": "Wyoming",
          "locator": "cbp23st.txt; naics=238220; lfo=-; fipstate=56; emp",
          "note": "Census noise flag G",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 2479,
          "rawField": "emp",
          "rawRecord": "56"
        }
      ],
      "chartTitle": "Largest state workforces",
      "chartNote": "Census CBP • 2023 • NAICS 238220 • top 8 states by employment",
      "chartIds": [
        "state-06-emp",
        "state-48-emp",
        "state-12-emp",
        "state-36-emp",
        "state-37-emp",
        "state-42-emp",
        "state-17-emp",
        "state-39-emp"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "business-size",
      "title": "Contractor establishments by establishment size",
      "intro": "Size classes refer to employment at each establishment. They do not describe the employee count of an entire multi-location company.",
      "scope": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers. National totals; 2023.",
      "rows": [
        {
          "id": "size-under-5-n",
          "label": "Fewer than 5 employees",
          "value": 64871,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-us",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers. Establishment size: Fewer than 5 employees",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "cbp23us.txt; uscode=98; naics=238220; lfo=-; n<5",
          "note": "",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 64871,
          "rawField": "n<5",
          "rawRecord": "US"
        },
        {
          "id": "size-5_9-n",
          "label": "5–9 employees",
          "value": 20587,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-us",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers. Establishment size: 5–9 employees",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "cbp23us.txt; uscode=98; naics=238220; lfo=-; n5_9",
          "note": "",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 20587,
          "rawField": "n5_9",
          "rawRecord": "US"
        },
        {
          "id": "size-10_19-n",
          "label": "10–19 employees",
          "value": 13148,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-us",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers. Establishment size: 10–19 employees",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "cbp23us.txt; uscode=98; naics=238220; lfo=-; n10_19",
          "note": "",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 13148,
          "rawField": "n10_19",
          "rawRecord": "US"
        },
        {
          "id": "size-20_49-n",
          "label": "20–49 employees",
          "value": 8384,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-us",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers. Establishment size: 20–49 employees",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "cbp23us.txt; uscode=98; naics=238220; lfo=-; n20_49",
          "note": "",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 8384,
          "rawField": "n20_49",
          "rawRecord": "US"
        },
        {
          "id": "size-50_99-n",
          "label": "50–99 employees",
          "value": 2561,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-us",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers. Establishment size: 50–99 employees",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "cbp23us.txt; uscode=98; naics=238220; lfo=-; n50_99",
          "note": "",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 2561,
          "rawField": "n50_99",
          "rawRecord": "US"
        },
        {
          "id": "size-100_249-n",
          "label": "100–249 employees",
          "value": 1300,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-us",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers. Establishment size: 100–249 employees",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "cbp23us.txt; uscode=98; naics=238220; lfo=-; n100_249",
          "note": "",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 1300,
          "rawField": "n100_249",
          "rawRecord": "US"
        },
        {
          "id": "size-250_499-n",
          "label": "250–499 employees",
          "value": 256,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-us",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers. Establishment size: 250–499 employees",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "cbp23us.txt; uscode=98; naics=238220; lfo=-; n250_499",
          "note": "",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 256,
          "rawField": "n250_499",
          "rawRecord": "US"
        },
        {
          "id": "size-500_999-n",
          "label": "500–999 employees",
          "value": 76,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-us",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers. Establishment size: 500–999 employees",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "cbp23us.txt; uscode=98; naics=238220; lfo=-; n500_999",
          "note": "",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 76,
          "rawField": "n500_999",
          "rawRecord": "US"
        },
        {
          "id": "size-1000-n",
          "label": "1,000+ employees",
          "value": 24,
          "unit": "establishments",
          "sourceId": "cbp-us",
          "period": "2023",
          "population": "Paid-employee establishments in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning contracting (2017 NAICS 238220); all legal forms; all employee roles; excludes nonemployers. Establishment size: 1,000+ employees",
          "geography": "United States",
          "locator": "cbp23us.txt; uscode=98; naics=238220; lfo=-; n1000",
          "note": "",
          "checkedOn": "2026-09-25",
          "rawValue": 24,
          "rawField": "n1000",
          "rawRecord": "US"
        }
      ],
      "chartTitle": "Industry establishments by size",
      "chartNote": "Census CBP • 2023 • NAICS 238220 • establishment employee bands",
      "chartIds": [
        "size-under-5-n",
        "size-5_9-n",
        "size-10_19-n",
        "size-20_49-n",
        "size-50_99-n",
        "size-100_249-n",
        "size-250_499-n",
        "size-500_999-n",
        "size-1000-n"
      ]
    }
  ]
}